ZIKA virus

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Zika virus is a mosquito-borne viral infection that primarily occurs in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Most people infected with the Zika virus have no signs and symptoms, while others report mild fever, rash and muscle pain. Other signs and symptoms may include headache, red eyes (conjunctivitis) and a general feeling of discomfort. Zika virus is also called Zika or Zika virus disease.

Zika virus infections during pregnancy have been linked to miscarriage and can cause microcephaly, a potentially fatal congenital brain condition. The Zika virus also may cause other neurological disorders such as Guillain-Barre syndrome.

Signs and symptoms of the Zika virus most commonly include:

  • Mild fever
  • Rash
  • Joint or muscle pain

Other signs and symptoms may include:

  • Headache
  • Red eyes (conjunctivitis)

Complications

Zika virus infections during pregnancy have been linked to miscarriage and microcephaly, a potentially fatal congenital brain condition.

The Zika virus may also cause congenital Zika syndrome, which includes these birth defects:

  • Severe microcephaly with a partly collapsed skull
  • Brain damage and reduced brain tissue
  • Eye damage
  • Joint problems, including limited motion
  • Reduced body movement due to too much muscle tone after birth

The Zika virus also may cause other neurological disorders such as Guillain-Barre syndrome.

Zika virus transmitted through blood transfusion

All blood donations are now screened for the Zika virus. To further reduce the risk of transmitting Zika virus through blood transfusion in areas where there are no active Zika virus outbreaks, the Food and Drug Administration recommends not donating blood for four weeks if you:

  • Have a history of Zika virus infection
  • Traveled or lived in an area with active Zika virus transmission
  • Have symptoms that are suggestive of Zika virus infection within two weeks of travel from an area with Zika virus
  • Have had sexual contact with a partner who has been diagnosed with Zika virus infection
  • Have had sexual contact with a partner who has traveled or lived in an area with active Zika virus transmission in the past three months

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